What is the primary purpose of a rate gyro?

The primary purpose of a rate gyro is to detect and measure angular rates of change. Rate gyros are devices used in navigation and motion sensing applications to provide information about the rotation of an object around its axes. By measuring the rate of rotation, they allow systems to maintain orientation and stability, which is crucial in various contexts such as aviation, marine navigation, and robotics.

The ability to measure angular rates is fundamental for systems that rely on precise orientation, such as inertial navigation systems. In these systems, the data from rate gyros is integrated over time to determine the angular position and attitude of an object. This functionality is essential for ensuring the accurate operation of devices that require stability and precise control, particularly in dynamic environments.

The other options pertain to different types of measurements that are not within the primary function of a rate gyro. For instance, measuring distance traveled and determining speed are typically the roles of odometers or speed sensors, while stabilizing altitude is more closely associated with altimeters and control systems rather than the specific measurements that rate gyros provide.