What technology requires highly accurate position and speed data to formulate track information?

Radar technology relies on the precise measurement of the time it takes for radio waves to travel to an object and back, which is essential for calculating the object's position and speed. This high level of accuracy is necessary to create detailed track information for moving targets, such as vehicles or aircraft. By emitting radio waves and analyzing the reflected signals, radar can determine not only the distance to the object but also its velocity through the Doppler effect, which alters the frequency of the returned waves based on the object's speed.

Other technologies listed, such as sonar and lidar, also have their specific applications and advantages but do not specify a requirement for both position and speed data in the same manner as radar. Thermal imaging primarily detects heat signatures rather than calculating positions or speeds, focusing instead on different types of environmental data. Therefore, radar's unique ability to provide accurate positional and speed data makes it the correct choice in this context.